Internal-combustion engine



W. 0. PLATT AND J. BEIDY.

INTERNALCOMBUSTIQN ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 1 2. 1919.

Patented May 25, 1920.

WI TN ESSES axis horizontal and within which recipro UNITED, STATESPATENT OFFICE.

WILBER 0.5 PLAT'I' AND JOHN REID, or OIL crrY, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TJOSEPH REID GAs ENGINE coMPANY, or 01:. CITY, PENNSYLVANIA, A JOINT-STOGK COMPANY.

' INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Patented May 25, 1920.

Application filed February 12, 1919. Serial No. 276,597.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, WILBER O. PLATT and JOHN REID, citizens of theUnited States, both residing at Oil City, county of Venango, State ofPennsylvania, have 1nvented certain new and useful Improvements inInternal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates more especially to those types of internalcombustion engines in which fluid fuels are vaporized within thecylinder. The primary object of our invention is to provide improvedmeans for vaporizing fluid fuels without breaking down the structure ofsuch fuels as oils and the like. Toward the attainment of this object,our invention contemplates suitable means for distributing such a fuelevenly over a centrally disposed surface and thus improving theconditions under which it is vaporizedl Another object of the inventionis to increase the durability of the cylinder parts by equalizing thetemperatures in the zone of vaporization which produces a more uniformexplosion and less deteriorating effects at particular points. Otherobjects of invention will appear in the specification, reference beinghad to the drawings in which:

Figure 1 is an axial section of a gas and oil engine showing thecylinder provided with a head adaptingQt to be operated as a gas engine,I

F ig. 2 is a similar section of the engine with the oil vaporizing headin position;

' Fig. 3'is an inside elevation of the fluid vaporizing head;

Fig. 4 is a section of a modified construction of cylinder head which ismore especially adapted for engine cylinders of large diameter. A

On the drawings, our invention 1s shown in an adaptation to a gas andoilengine in which the cylinder 1 is arranged with its cates a piston 2. Atone end, said cylinder is provided with a frame or; socket 3 which isadapted to receive a cylinderhead 4 (see Fig. '1) which is provided wltha plain flat inwardly presented wall and a chamber 5 for cooling fluidwhich passes through pipes 6 and 7 or a cylinder head 8 (see F 1g. 2)which is provided with an inclined wall 9. The inwardly presented faceof the wall 9 is broken by a series of grooves or chann .farther fromthe wall 9 than the one next above. The crowns or edges of the ridges 11thus constitute elements in an imaginary surface which is inclined"downwardly toward the piston 2. A packing ring 12 may be interposedbetween the cylinder socket 3 and cylinder head 4 or 8. A downwardlypresented fluid fuel sprayer orprojector 13 is arranged 1n the upperwall of cylinder 1. Accord ng to Fig. 4, a cylinder head 14 for largesized engines, preferably has its in wardly presented wall 15 curvedfrom top to bottom as well as from one side to the other which imparts adownwardly bowed as well as a transversely curved to the els 16 and theridges 17. The advantages accruing from this invention will beunderstood from the following: The approximately semicircularcorrugations or grooves impart a cross section to the ridges such thatthe mass of metal increases from the crownsor edges of said ridgestoward the main body portion of the head. This provides an increasingheat d t ing capacity as the zones of heat recede of heat on the 'crownsor edges, Thus while,

all vaporizing portions of the head are not of the same temperature, thedifference of temperature at different points is much less than would bethe case with ordinary ribs but greater than it would be in a plain headwithout ribs or corrugations. As the oil or fuel is projected againstthe ribs and sides of the corrugations or grooves, it is spread quiteevenly over the entire surface of the central zone of the cylinder headand in the best possible condition forvaporization. This result isenhancedby the forward inclination of the inwardly presented wall of thecylinder head. When in operation, the oil or fuel largely reachesthethinnest portions of the ridges, the va- 1 porlzation being-immediateand tending to perature is equalized and an even vaporizatlon securedfor producing a uniform explosion with a minimum production of free Thisaction has been found m carbon.

practice to secure an eflicient vaporization without the excessiveproduction of free carbonwhich results from breaking up the fuel intoits constituent elements which usually occurs when it is projectedagainst the overheated ribs. In this connection, it is to be rememberedthat the complete operations of injection, distribution, vaporization,and explosion, are accomplished in from one fortieth to one fiftieth ofa second. It will be readily seen that an improve-. ment in the heatdistribution improves the durability as well as'eificiency since therapidly recurring expansion and contraction lays the deterioratingeffects on the cylinder head. This construction has been foundto be ofhigh efliciency in that the fuel is instantaneously converted into avapor of uniform structure.

We claim: j

1. In an'internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhaving a cylinder head provided with grooves or channels extendinginwardly and downwardly with respect to the axis of said cylinder, apiston in said cylinder, and means for delivering fuel into said groovesor channels.

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhaving a cylinder head provided with grooves -or channels extendinginwardly and downwardly with respect to the axis of said cylinder, apiston in said cylinder, and means for delivering fuel into said groovesor channels, the inner wall of said cylinder head having a generalinclination downwardly toward the piston.

3. In aninternal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhaving a cylinder head provided with an inwardly presented wall withcorrugations extending in-- wardly and downwardly with respect to theaxis'of said cylinder, a piston reciprocable injsaid cylinder, and meansfor projecting fuel into said corrugations.

. 4:. Inan internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhaving a cylinder head provided with ridges forming grooves orcorrugations extending transversely of the inner wall thereof, saidridges beingthickerat the base than'along their cr'ownedges, a pistonreciprocable in said cylinder toward and away from said cylinder head,and means for discharging fuel into said grooves.

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhaving a cylinder head provided with ridges forming grooves orcorrugations extending transi versely of the inner wall thereof, saidridges effects are rendered less violent and thus defvertical planethrough the axis of said cylbeing thicker at the base than along theircrown edges, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder toward and away fromsaid cylinder head, and means for discharging fuel into said grooves,said ridges extending downwardly and inwardly with respect to a verticalplane through the axis of saidcylinder.

6. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderhaving a cylinder head provided with ridges forming ,grooves orcorrugations extending transversely of the inner wall thereof, saidridges being thicker at the base than along their crown edges, a pistonreciprocable in said cylinder'toward and away from said cylinder head,and means for discharging. fuel into said grooves, said ridges extendingI downwardly and inwardly with respect to a vertical plane through .theaxis of said cylinder the inwardly projecting crowns of saidridges beingarranged in a surface inclined-downwardly toward said piston.

7. In an internal combustionengine, the combination with a cylinderhaving a cylinder head provided with ridges forming grooves orcorrugations extending trans-- versely of the inner wall thereof, saidridges being thicker at the base than along their crown edges, a pistonreciprocable in said cylinder toward and away from said cylinderhead,'and means'for discharging fuel into said grooves, said ridgesextending .downwardly and inwardly with respect to a inder, the inwardlyprojecting crowns of said ridges being arranged in a surface inclineddownwardly .toward said piston, the lowermost ridge overhanging thecylindrical wall of said cylinder.

8. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a horizontalcylinder ins eluding a cylinder head, of a piston reciprocable in saidcylinder, said cylinder head being provided withgrooves or corrugationswhich form ridges extending from side to side of the cylinder, saidridges from top to bottom rotruding progressively farther from saicylinderhead, and means'for proj ecting fluid fuel into said grooves orcorrugation's.

9. In an internal combustion engine,.the combination with a horizontalcylinder ineluding a cylinder head, of a'piston reciprocable in saidcylinder, said cylinder head be- 1 ing provlded with grooves orcorrugations which form ridges extending from side to side of thecylinder, said ridges from top to bottom protruding progressivelyfarther from said cylinder head, and means for projecting fluid fuelinto said grooves or corrugations, said ridges being curved down wardlyfrom either side toward the vertical axial plane of said cylinder.

10. A replaceable head for the cylinders 18 an inwardly presented Wallwith arcuately curved grooves or corrugations extending 10 from side toside to form ridges which project successively farther from said Wallfrom top to bottom of said cylinder head.

WILBER O. PLATT. JOHN REID.

